Scores averaged higher, if principals considered it essential for:

At the elementary school level, the percentage of students with advanced scores averaged higher, if principals and other administrators considered it essential (vs. less than essential) for:

• the librarian to provide in-service professional development to faculty (20.6% for the language arts, 17.8% for reading);
• the librarian’s instructional role to be addressed in teacher hiring interviews (22.0% for language arts, 17.4% for reading)
• the librarian to be appointed to school committees (16.8% for language arts, 13.8% for reading); and
• the librarian and the principal to meet regularly (15.6% for reading only).